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CHAPTER IV
ATTRIBUTION,
ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND
DESPATCH OF
ELECTRONIC RECORDS
11.
Attribution of electronic records
An electronic
record shall be attributed to the originator-
(a) if it was sent by the originator himself;
(b) by a person who had the authority to act on behalf of the originator
in respect of that electronic record; or
(c) by an information system programmed by or on behalf of the originator
to operate automatically.
12. Acknowledgement of receipt
(1)
Where
the originator has stipulated that the electronic record shall be binding
only on receipt of an acknowledgment
of
such
electronic record by him, then unless acknowledgment has been so received,
the electronic record shall be deemed to have been never sent by the
originator.
(21)
Where the originator has not stipulated that the acknowledgement of
receipt of electronic record be given in a particular form or by a
particular method, an acknowledgment may be given by-
(a) any communication by the addressee, automated or otherwise; or
(b) any conduct of the addressee, sufficient to indicate to the originator
that the electronic record has been received.
(3) Where the originator has not stipulated that the electronic record
shall be binding only on receipt of such acknowledgment, and the
acknowledgment has not been received by the originator within the time
specified or agreed or, if no time has been specified or agreed to within
a reasonable time, then the originator may give notice to the addressee
sating that no acknowledgment has been received by him and specifying a
reasonable time by which the acknowledgment must be received by him and if
no acknowledgment is received within the aforesaid time limit he may after
giving notice to the addressee, treat the electronic record as though it
has never been sent.
13. Time and place of dispatch and receipt of electronic record
(1) Save as otherwise agreed to between the originator and the addressee,
the dispatch of an electronic record occurs when it enters a computer
resource outside the control of the originator.
(2) Save as otherwise agreed between the originator and the addressee, the
time of receipt of an electronic record shall be determined as follows,
namely :-
(a) if the addressee has designated a computer resource for the purpose of
receiving electronic records,-
(i) receipt occurs at the time when the electronic record enters the
designated computer resource; or
(ii) if the electronic records is sent to a computer resource of the
addressee that is not the designated computer resource, receipt occurs at
the time when the electronic record is retrieved by the addressee;
(b) if the addressee has not designated a computer resource along with
specified timings, if any, receipt occurs when the electronic record
enters the computer resource of the addressee.
(3) Save as otherwise agreed to between the originator and the addressee,
an electronic record is deemed to be
despatcheddispatched
at
the place where the originator has his place of business, and is deemed to
be received at the place where the addressee has his place of business.
(4) The provisions of sub-section (2) shall apply notwithstanding that the
place where the computer resource is located may be different from the
place where the electronic record is deemed to have been received under
sub-section (3)
(5) For the purposes of this section,-
(a) if the originator or the addressee has more than one place of
business, the principal place of business, shall be the place of
business,
(b) if the originator or the addressee does not have a place of business,
his usual place of residence shall be deemed to be the place of business;
(c) "usual place of residence", in relation to a body corporate, means the
place where it is registered.
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