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"This website is the Wikipedia of Indian Cyber Laws".. A Visitor's remark


"Watch This Site as a Daily Habit. It may save careers".. A Banker's remark as an advise to fellow Bankerssed



 
 
Naavi is a Cyberlaw consultant based in Bangalore and specializes as Cyber law compliance advisor for the industry.
 

HIPAA Forum of India

Naavi has started a Linked-in Forum for bringing all HIPAA Professionals in India on one forum-Join Today


 Arise, Awake and Stop Not until Indian E Banking is made Safe

We Are being Watched!

May 30: Gary Kovacs is the CEO of the Mozilla Corporation, introduces "Collusion" a Mozilla Fire Fox Addon which tracks the trackers, those who are following users on the Internet. An interesting thought on how there is no "Privacy" on the Internet. View the short speech : From Mozilla.com

Chinese Backdoor found in US Military Chips

May 28: Some research organizations have reported that some of the silicon chips found in sensitive US military installations had Chinese backdoor installations. Report

Naavi steps up  HIPAA program

May 27: While HHS has stepped up its HIPAA compliance drive in US, Naavi has undertaken his own mission to step up the compliance level of Indian organizations as an industry. Naavi has therefore initiated a plan of action for an all India HIPAA awareness drive particularly in the Medical Transcription industry where there are a large number of SMEs operating without adequate compliance of HIPAA. The objective of this drive is to ensure that non compliance of HIPAA does not become an excuse for vested interests in US to stop flow of Health care related business to India. As a first step towards this, Naavi will be creating a forum of HIPAA professionals in the three segments namely "HIPAA Privacy", "HIPAA Security" and " HIPAA technology". A Linked in group has been created for this purpose called "HIPAA Forum of India".  A separate website www.hipaa4india.in is also being created to ensure that along with Naavi.org where a HIPAA section would be created for dissemination of HIPAA related information, a dedicated website would also supplement the efforts. Naavi welcomes suggestions and comments from others in this regard.

95 more Healthcare Organizations to be audited under HIPAA this year

May 27: In continuation of its mandatory audit scheme, HHS had targeted 115 audits this year and it is now reported that 20 audits have been completed and another 95 audits have been lined up. report

Anonymous exposes Section 69 Violation by Reliance

May25: Anonymous hackers have in a recent virtual press conference have revealed a list of URLs blocked by Reliance ISP which contains many URLs other than those which either a Court or MCIT has ordered. This means that the ISP has contravened Section 69 and is liable under Section 66 for denying access without authority to certain web sites. Now that this report is in the public domain, it is necessary for the Government of India to take note and act. Otherwise it will amount to dereliction of duty on the part of the GOI officials responsible for maintaining law as per ITA 2008.  Report in Live Mint : Press Conference

PNB's Information Security System has failed

May 25: Recent fire in Parliament street building of Punjab National Bank is reported to have affected its data center to the extent that more than 5000 branches of the Bank are unable to carry on transactions under the Core Banking System. Since this issue seems to be persisting after 5 days there is a serious question mark on the DRP/BCP system prevalent in PNB.

What GOI has been doing for National Security

May 25: From time to time the issue of National Cyber Security in the context of China Risk has been discussed in these columns. It is obvious that the DIT has not been much concerned about the China Risk for whatever reason. Here is more information on the efforts of BAPSI in this regard.

Why Indians are getting paranoid about Privacy

May 23: Indian Citizens understand the need of the Government to collect information about Internet transactions for the sake of national Security. But what is opposed is the tendency of the political party running a Government to misuse law to stifle political speech. Article in Live Mint

Microsoft Launches its own Social Network

May 22: Microsoft has reportedly launched its own Social Networking site "Socl"  (http://www.so.cl/ ). It provides an "Open Search" where the search of one member is visible to others. Presently the membership is yet to be opened though registrations are being made. At a time when Facebook has just made an IPO and GM has pulled its ads off Facebook for whatever reason it has, the addition of one more social networking media is an interesting development. There are however discussions on how the social networking media is already  crowded (see this article in business insider). However Socl appears to be experimenting with a new concept of "open Search" and this could be a parity breaker if the concept succeeds to attract the market. We need to wait and see how this concept is received by the public.

Netizen bodies should be consulted on Sec 79

May 22: Union minister Mr Kapil Sibal has assured in Rajyasabha that the GOI is not interested in Internet censorship and he will work towards a consensus approach in the framing of IT rules. The Minister has said that the rules were cleared by the committee of subordinate legislation and it was not as if Parliament were not overseeing these rules. It was also stated that the rules were discussed with CII and DSCI and he is "Proud" of the provisions.  Refer Article in Hindu

We would like to remind the honourable minister that all the four the rules notified on  April 29, 2011 including rules under Section 79, Section 43A, Section 6A and Cyber Cafe regulations are badly constructed and each have their own issues. While the Intermediary rules lead to unconstitutional Internet censorship, the reasonable security rules under Sec 43A is an unconstitutional commercial promotion. The e Governance rules of Sec 6A conflicts with a bill presently before the Parliament and the Cyber Cafe regulations are completely impractical. It is therefore clear that if there was a consultation process with CII and DSCI before these rules were framed, the process has completely failed.

We would also like to remind the MCIT that they have failed to include the Netizen bodies in the consultation process and hence the people interests have been ignored. It is necessary for the Government to therefore rethink on the constitution of the consultation committees if there is any seriousness to the assurance given by the Minister in the Rajyasabha.

Clarity Required on the Chennai Court Order for Website blocking

May 21: I was informed in an FM Channel discussion that the Court order in respect of the film "3" (for better clarify we shall call this the Kolaveri Film) was to block 15 specific download links and it was the mistake of ISP that resulted in the blocking of whole websites causing inconvenience and denial of access to many others. However many others have informed the undersigned that the order did not contain any such specific links.

I am also keen to know what were the remedies that were sought in the plaint. Did the prayer ask for compensation on infringement from any John Doe or simply sought blockage of information. Also did the ISPs not bring it to the attention of the Court that it is not possible for them to block individual links and remained silent spectators during the Court proceedings? Were they not aware that they would be infringing on the rights of thousands of others in trying to protect the rights of a few?

 I request any person having a copy of the order to let me know the details.

Cinema and Copyright

May 21: The film owners have suddenly become conscious of their legal rights through Copyright. They want John Doe orders to prevent infringement of copyright and even it means curbing the freedom of expression of a larger section of the society. The industry however comes out strongly in defending its own freedom to propagate Sex and Violence beyond tolerable limits and to the detriment of the society. There is a need to get a John Doe order against films depicting and glorifying rape, murder, sex violence and other illegal activities. I am sure that at that time the industry would suddenly wake up to "Freedom of Expression" and oppose "Moral Policing". I hope it will atleast help them take a balanced view of the issues arising out of copyright infringement issues they are now raising.

Cyber Jurisprudence and John Doe Orders

May 21: The John Doe principle which is being used frequently because of the few Court decisions in the Copyright issue has an impact on the evolution of Cyber Jurisprudence. Indian justice system has always placed a heavy reliance on the identification of an accused and the John Doe principle is therefore an exception to the general rule borrowed from the US jurisprudence.

The first point which I place for debate is, that the  John Doe principle  gives legitimacy to "Anonymity" and if "Anonymous" users of Internet can be subjected to legal processes, we need to also accept "Anonymity" as a "Right".

The second principle for debate is that the US principle does not seem to recognize "Speculative John Doe" and in this respect Indian Courts seem to be have taken a step further into defining the new Jurisprudential principles. I have been informed (in a conversation on Chennai online FM) that the Court order is in respect of specified links and therefore the order was not "speculative". If so, the order cannot be faulted.

The developments since the order was made however mean that it is the mistake of ISPs that the whole websites have been blocked instead of the specific links which the Court ordered. If so, such ISPs would be liable under Section 69A of ITA 2008 for wrongful blocking of the websites and under Section 66 for causing denial of access.

Hope some body launches action against the ISPs and gets a John Doe Compensation for a public cause of "Protecting the Freedom of Expression" in favour of a Netizen body dedicated to the cause of "Free Internet". Alternatively, the Court can itself take action to retract its order since its effect has not been as anticipated. If in the process the copyright owner suffers a loss, the remedy is to  recover the loss  from the websites subject to Section 79 of ITA 2008.

Why This Kolaveri Di?

May 21: The speculative John Doe order that has shut off many Internet Video uploading websites on the eve of the release of the Tamil Film which became famous for the "Kolaveri Di" song has raised several issues of legal, ethical and democratic rights. It is well acknowledged that the film must have benefitted enormously by the viral distribution of "Why this Kolaveri Di" song. Even at that time there were Copyright related issues which the song owners/producer did not mind. They were happy with all the websites which uploaded the music and its various variants. But now suddenly they see the same sites as "Villains".

Further there is a need to debate if the logic of a speculative John Doe order where the commission of an offence itself is not in evidence besides the persons who might commit the offence, is in violation of the basic rights of a Citizen to exist and carry out legitimate activities on the Internet. It is the snatching of the rights and freedom of all those who were perhaps using or intending to use (invoke the John Doe Principle) the services of these sites for legal purposes.

In this order the victims are the genuine users of the blocked services who were neither acknowledged or given an opportunity to defend their rights. In the interest of natural justice to these persons the Court ought to have issued a public notice that since its order is likely to affect unknown members of the public, persons who are likely to be affected may implede themselves in the case. But the plaintiff would have forced the Court into taking a decision citing the urgency related to the release of the film.

The order however suits the current requirements of the Government of India to impose censorship of the Internet media and hence there is a convergence of commercial and political interests in supporting this decision of the Court.

However in the interest of Democracy as well as the principle of natural justice, there is a need for this decision to be reviewed. Courts should in such cases stop at issuing orders to the designated websites to impose extra controls to prevent that an offence as speculated by a plaintiff does not occur and if it occurs, immediate remedial action is initiated without waiting for further judicial orders. It should only be an "Advance notice" rather than an "Actionable Blockage of the site based on the plaintiff's charge".

Also in the same order the Courts could have provided for compensation to the genuine users of the websites which have been blocked from using the same to be paid by the plaintiff. Related Article : Article 2 : More on John Doe

CERT IN Website hacked

May 20: In a continuation of the protest against the GOI policies on Internet Censorship, group of Anonymous hackers are reported to have defaced the Indian CERT website, a symbol of National Cyber Security. CERT-IN has acknowledged the attack but maintains that the site did not go down but was up and running. Report in TOI

Motion Moved in Rajyasabha for Sec 79 Rules annulment ...but defeated

May 18: It is heartening to note that a motion has been moved in the Rajyasabha of May 17 2012, for annulment of the "Intermediary Guidelines 2011" notification made on April 11, 2011 by DIT.  However it is sad to note that the motion has been defeated.

The rules were being long debated as "Ultra Vires" the ITA 2000 and the Constitution. Mr Rajeev had rightly invoked the issues of Cyber Regulations Advisory Committee as well as the Human Rights aspect and "Censorship rights in private hands" as the grounds under which the rules need to be withdrawn. Mr Arun Jaitely had supported the motion

But the Government stopped with  Mr Kapil Sibal promising to discuss the issues with the relevant stakeholders. We need to wait for further developments including the intervention of the Court through a PIL.

 Copy of Speech made by Mr P.Rajeev. : Speech of Mr N.K.Singh : Not In Consonance With The Best International Practices' Speech of  Mr Arun Jaitley: A Threat To Free Speech'

Report in Outlook : Report in channelnewsasia

Recent References in Naavi.org: Internet and Human Right : Intermediary Guidelines is now a Human Rights issue : Call for Scrapping April 11 Rules : Activists Demand Scrapping of ITA 2008 rules : Has the time come to work on amendments to ITA 2008? : Internet Censorship in India

Birth of Cyber Naxalism in India?

May 18: The reported DDOS attack of "Anonymous Hackers" on the websites of the Supreme Court, MCIT, BJP and Congress, (Related Article)  raises a serious concern on how the ill advised actions of the MCIT is encouraging hactivists to pursue  a policy of confrontation with the Government. ....The Government now has two choices before them. ..More

DIT becomes a Internet Censor Ministry

May 18: The recent developments involving a series of website blockings by the DIT on grounds of politicians being represented in cartoons or tweets in a derogatory manner indicates that the DIT must be spending enormous time and energy on its censorship activity. The Government should realize that it has more important things to do.. for example appointing/designating the Chairperson for Cyber Appellate Tribunal. The department seems to have completely forgotten their responsibility while  engaging the time of his executives in unproductive political cartoon hunting. The IT super power that Indian wants to be is now fast becoming a country which is as tightly regulated as authoritarian countries such as China. If this trend of choking regulation of internet content is not reversed, it is bound to percolate to the Judicial views also as it appears to be happing in the Copyright related decisions and will destroy of our democracy. The days of Internet Emergency is not far. Related Article

The World of John Doe Orders

May 17: Recently there has been a spate of website blocking attributed to release of new films. It is understood that in these cases the producers of films have been able to convince the Courts that there is a possibility that some unknown person may infringe copyright using a website and hence it should be blocked. Though this is referred to as "John Doe Order" it is more a "Speculative John Doe Order" where it is not only the offender which is not known but the offence itself has not occurred.

India to press for Changing Internet Governance Structure

May 16: The fact that the Government of India is moving towards Internet Censorship has been visible in many of the actions f DIT over the last few months. The systematic manner in which ITA 2008 is being misapplied to gain control on Internet Content bas brought Indian policies on the Internet close to that of China and other totalitarian countries.

Though the western countries have also followed similar policies in the case of Wiki Leaks, the move of the Indian Government to suggest changing of the ICANN structure to bring it under the Control of the Government bodies is a significant step in the direction of a Government controlled Internet. The move is now threatening to brand India as a "Totalitarian State" on the Internet.

Just as individuals take different Avatars in the digital society, the "Democratic" India in the physical world is now taking on "Totalitarian" avatar in the digital society. As a combination, the present Internet policies of DIT have made India a  "Totalitarian Democracy".

This move may give further support to the demand for a "Universal Declaration of Independence of the Internet" and rebirth of a democratic "For the Netizens, By the Netizens, of the Netizens Governance structure", the  ICANN-2.   See this report in The Hindu

Bluetooth used for Copying in Examination

May 16: In yet another case of high tech examination fraud, blue tooth enabled ear phones have been reportedly used in an administrative examination. A gang of seven persons have been identified as having committed the fraud where 24 persons (including 5 women) seem to have paid upt o Rs 7 lakhs each for being dictated with the answers while writing the exam.  Report in TOI

Sec 79 rule to come for discussion in Parliament

May12: The statutory motion for annulment of rules under Sec 79 of ITA 2008 issued on April 11, 2011 is expected to be taken up for discussion in Rajyasabha on 15th of this month. Report

Another Court order for removal of defamatory content

May 11: In another instance of Section 79 of ITA 2008, Delhi High Court has ordered removal of primafacie defamatory content against Sri Sri Ravishankar. It may be noted that the Court has made a reference to the 36 hour rule for content removal to be counted from the Court order being received by the intermediary (Google in this case). Report

Copyright Amendment Bill gets Cabinet Clearance

May 11: The Copyright amendment bill which was pending for a long time is reportedly cleared by the cabinet today. The exact copy of the final amendments need to be checked. Report

John Doe Orders and Internet Censorship

May 10: An increasing number of John Doe orders obtained by the Film industry in India prior to release of major films has raised a debate on whether such orders are being applied in a manner that they are becoming more of a tool of censorship. It appears that the order which has resulted in the blocking of Vimeo site is a "John Doe Speculative order" where it is based on not only unknown infringers but also for a contingent event that may result after the release of the film. Is it a new legal principle being established? or is it a passing phase where a principle is being misapplied?.. only time will tell.  Related Article

Cyber Appellate Tribunal in Bangalore?

May9: During the first Bangalore Cyber Security summit in 2009, a promise was made by the then Presiding officer Sri Rajesh Tandon that he would be happy to see the setting up of a southern bench on CAT in Bangalore as proposed by Naavi. The then Home minister of the Sate, late Sri M. V. Acharya as well as the Law secretary of the state who were present during the deliberations also agreed with the suggestion.

Subsequently, despite several attempts, the State Government never took steps to send a formal request to the CAT and the matter remained unattended. During the second Bangalore security summit in 2010,  the IT Secretary Sri M.N.Vidyashankar again promised that the CAT Southern bench will be set up within a few months. Nothing moved except that Justice Rajesh Tandon moved out of CAT on superannuation. The Government of India did not move even to post a replacement for Justice Rajesh Tandon and far from a new Southern Bench of CAT being created, even the CAT in Delhi remained closed for operations. Unmindful of these developments, the Karnataka IT Secretary has again made a promise during this year's Bangalore Cyber Security Summit that the southern bench of CAT would be formed.

Coming from an IT Secretary who believes that "No Company can invoke Section 43 of ITA 2008" and "No complaint can be filed against a Company under Section 43", (Refer related award here) the promise of a CAT bench in Bangalore appears like an "Election Promise of a Politician".  Related Report in Deccan Chronicle : Also see:

Internet and Human Right 

May 8: Internet as a technology was a facilitator for the democratic revolutions in Tunisia , Egypt etc during the last year. This has again opened the debate on "Whether Internet Access should be considered as a Human Right?". Though there are differences of opinion on whether Internet should be considered only as a tool and not considered as a Human Right, the fact remains that the "Quality of human right without Internet is increasingly becoming unacceptable". One of the prime factors driving the humanity to this thinking is that Internet is a "Tool of Expression". The difference between other media of expression and Internet is that Internet along with the World Wide Web enables an individual to publish his thoughts to the world without the assistance of others. This makes Internet a tool of a human being to translate his thoughts to an expression to the global society. It therefore has the credentials to demand the status of a "Human Right". Vincent Cerf Differs : UN Special Report Agrees

Apart from the suppression of the freedom of expression in India through excessive legislation and misapplication of  legislation, Indian Citizens are being denied of the human right through closure of judicial options for remedy of grievances due to the inaction of the DIT in keeping the Cyber Appellate Tribunal active.

Karnataka has gone a step further in the direction of denial of rights of Internet users by closing substantially the options of the citizens to redress the grievances through the Adjudication system.

Naavi.org has raised this issue with the Chief Minister and Law Minister of the State through an Open letter. Responses are however still awaited.

New York Judge says IP Address is not a reliable identification

May 5: In a significant judgement, a Judge in New York has stated that given the dynamic nature of IP address allocation and the possibility of IP addresses being shared over WiFi networks or otherwise, they can be no longer relied upon in legal suits to identify a person and charge him with offences. Related Report

Cyber Justice is denied to Citizens in Karnataka

May 4:. Citizens in Karnataka have been facing a unique problem as regards Cyber Crime complaints due to the non availability of any proper legal forum for the Redressal of their grievances. The problems regarding Police officers refusing to register Cyber Crime complaints is well known. It is widely prevalent everywhere in India and also in Karnataka. Additionally, what has added to the woes of the citizens of Karnataka is that they have been shut off from civil remedies as envisaged in Information Technology act 2000 due to the inadequacies in the Adjudication system which is administered by the IT Secretary of the State. Taking a contrarian view in an earlier case referred to him, the Karnataka IT Secretary has taken an opinion to the effect that "No complaints can be admitted for remedies under Section 43 of Information Technology Act 2000 after the amendments of 2008 against any corporate entity and that no complaints can be made by a corporate entity as well".

Though the unsustainability of such a stand has been brought to the attention of the IT Secretary, he has stood by his opinion. This opinion which needs to be revoked now only on an appeal to CAT will stay in place until CAT is reactivated by the appointment of a "Presiding Officer". This combination of inefficiency of DIT in not appointing a Presiding officer for CAT and the interim decision of the Karnataka IT Secretary has enormously benefitted some of the Banks who are  e-Governance partners of the government facing complaints from public.

It is ironic that in such a state of affairs, the Karnataka IT Department is conducting a Cyber Security Summit. One needs to ask the Government what the end objective of Cyber Security? Is it for protecting the citizens of Karnataka? or Is it for protecting the business interests of those corporates who are in E Governance partnership with the Government? Naavi.org seeks a response from the Chief Minister of Karnataka who also holds the IT portfolio to clarify. Related Report in Hindu : An Open letter to CM of Karnataka

Intermediary Guidelines is now a Human Rights issue

May4: For some time now, civil society in India has been fighting against the Intermediary Guidelines issued by DIT on April 11, 2011 which inter-alia is being interpreted as a tool of Internet Censorship.  Now it has been recognized that "Freedom of Expression" is a "Human Rights issue" and the guideline may downgrade the Human rights index of India when UN is undertaking the Universal periodic Review some time in June this year. Internet is considered as an important tool of free expression and any attempt to gag the media through notifications that provide that intermediaries shall remove content within 36 hours is highly objectionable. Government can no longer justify the law as an "Enabling Provision" for national security reasons since the track record of the Government is that it is often used against political opponents. The Aseem Trivedi incient, call for "Pre-screening" of social media content, the case against "Facebook" etc in Delhi High Court, the Professor Mahopatra incident in West Bengal have all indicated that Sec 79 rules is an instrument of censorship and a prelude to "Internet Emergency" in India.

Additionally shutting down of the Cyber Judiciary system by not appointing a chair person for CAT will be held in a negative perspective as regards the Human Rights Review.

The DIT needs to therefore wake up from its slumber and make some positive efforts to clean up its Internet Human Rights records. See related  DEF report : Related Article:Will the Government Consult Netizens?..Need for National Netizen Rights Commission)

Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Internet Rights Inaugurated

May 3: Multistake holder consultation on Internet Rights was inaugurated in Delhi by Amt Aruna Roy, Chairperson Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sanghatana. Officials from DIT and various organizations also participated in the event. Naavi speaking on the subject highlighted the need for Netizens to be more responsible and organize themselves into a voice to be heard. (Copy of the presentation is available here)

Internet As a Human Right

May 2: A debate has started in India if "Internet Access" is to be considered as a fundamental right of an individual. Certain countries such as Finland have declared access for Internet as a part of the fundamental right. Even UN has in a report  indicated that Internet should be considered as part of Human Right. 80% of people surveyed over 26 countries by BBC favoured the thought of Internet as a Fundamental right. At the moment however, in India, the top of the agenda is whether the Internet access we now have is diminishing in value because of the failure of the Government in having proper regulations which are fair, democratic and reasonable.

The Digital Empowerment Foundation in Delhi  and Association for Progressive Communications (APC), supported by the Department of Information  Technology and the National Internet Exchange of India, Govt. of India. is organizing a  national consultative workshop in Delhi on 3rd may 2012. The workshop will be outlining India’s progress towards ‘Internet Access for All’, and specific areas of concern – right to information, internet & information access, internet governance, Internet regulation, content specifications, cyber law, and appropriate policy framework.

Risk of Data Loss in Cloud Storage

May1: The risk of data loss in cloud storage was in focus as the assets of megaupload.com,  a data storage service facility in Virgina was seized by the US federal government on charges of facilitating copyright infringement. As more than 1100 servers remain seized, data equivalent to 25 million gigabytes remain in accessible by its owners many of whom are genuine business houses. Related Report

The issue has thrown open the legal question of ownership of "Information" as distinct from the "Information container". It should be recognized that the Government has no right to seize the assets of innocent parties and have to hand over the information to the rightful owners at the earliest.

The incident also is a wake up call to those who use Cloud storage services to ensure that the activities of the service provider does not affect the interests of genuine users. The need for DRP/BCP strategies in cloud environment is also highlighted.

For Articles of Earlier Date Browse through Archives


 

 

PR Syndicate honours 'Cyber Law Guru of India', Na.Vijayashankar

PR Syndicate, (an organization of Corporate PR Professionals in Chennai,)  celebrated its First Anniversary on 20th January 2007 at Russian Cultural Centre. On the occasion, "Award of Excellence in Public Life"  was presented to 'Cyber Law Guru of India' Na.Vijayashankar...More

 

  What is Naavi.org?

Naavi.org is India's premier portal on Cyber Law. It is not only an information portal containing information on several aspects concerning Information Technology Law in India but also represents the focal point of several services around Cyber Law carried on by Naavi.

The first such service is the Cyber Law College a virtual Cyber Law education center in India which provides various courses on Cyber Law.

The second key service is the Cyber Evidence Archival center which provides a key service to help administration of   justice in Cyber Crime cases.

The third key service is the domain name look-alikes dispute resolution service which provides a unique solution for websites with similar looking domain names to co exist.

The fourth key service is the online mediation and arbitration service another unique global service.

The fifth key service is the CyLawCom service which represents the Cyber Law Compliance related education, audit and implementation assistance service.

Additionally, Naavi.org is in the process of development of four sub organizations namely the Digital Society Foundation, Naavi.net, International Cyber Law Research Center and Cyber Crime Complaints and Resolution Assistance Center. Digital Society Foundation is a Trust formed with the objective of representing the voice of Netizens in various fora and work like an NGO to protect their interests. Naavi.net is meant to develop a collaborative distributed network of LPO consultants. International Cyber Law Research Center would support research in Cyber Laws and Cyber Crime Complaints and Resolution Assistance Center would try to provide some support to victims of Cyber Crimes.

Together, Naavi.org represents a "Cyber Law Vision" that goes beyond being a mere portal. Started in 1997, when the concept of Cyber Law was new across the globe, consistent efforts over the last decade has brought Naavi.org to the beginning of "Phase 2" in which the services are ready to reach out to a larger section. This is recognized as the phase of collaborations and growth by association. Naavi.org will therefore be entering into a series of associations to develop each dimension of its vision with an appropriate partner. Individuals, Organizations and Commercial houses which have synergistic relationship with the activities of Naavi.org are welcome to join hands in commercial and non commercial projects of Naavi.org.

Naavi



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